The Pyramid of the Moon in Teotihuacán
The famous Pyramid of the Moon is one of the most iconic structures of ancient Mesoamerica. Known for its impressive size and historical significance, this pyramid captures the imagination of visitors and scholars alike.
Teotihuacan is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Mexico.
Located just outside of Mexico City, Teotihuacan offers the opportunity to step back in time and explore one of the most influential cities in Mesoamerica. The visit to Teotihuacan is an experience that is not to be missed.
If you are fascinated by ancient civilizations, the Pyramid of the Moon is a must-see.
The Pyramid of the Moon is the 2nd largest pyramid in Teotihuacan after the Pyramid of the Sun. It is located at the northern end of the Avenue of the Dead and runs through the heart of the ancient city of Teotihuacan.
The Pyramid of the Moon is a monumental pyramidal structure that rises to a height of 43 to 45 meters and spans a base that is 130 to 156 meters long. The Pyramid of the Moon was built between 100 BCE and 450 CE.
The strategic location of the Pyramid of the Moon on the edge of Teotihuacan’s ceremonial plaza and its proximity to the Pyramid of the Sun suggests its importance in the religious and ceremonial life of this ancient city.
History of the Pyramid of the Moon
This enormous structure is a truncated pyramid, its top was cut off to create a flat surface, probably for ceremonial purposes. It is believed to have been dedicated to the Moon Goddess, and there is evidence of rituals and sacrifices performed in honor of this deity.
The construction of the pyramid lasted several centuries, with additions and modifications made over time.
The most notable architectural style of the Pyramid of the Moon is the talud-tablero technique, a distinctive feature of Teotihuacan architecture. This style features slanted (talud) and vertical (tablero) walls.
This design later influences the architecture of the Maya and Aztecs (Mexica).
Symbolism and Function of the Pyramid
The Pyramid of the Moon was a powerful symbol in the Teotihuacan worldview.
Situated at the end of the Avenue of the Dead, its orientation likely reflected the city’s deep connection to the cosmos. It is thought to represent the center of the world, a concept common to many ancient cultures.
The pyramid’s location highlights its role in the cosmic and spiritual layout of the city.
The Plaza of the Moon, which lies in front of the pyramid, contains several altars and a distinctive cruciform structure, highlighting the pyramid’s religious significance and its connection to fertility, the moon, and water.
All these elements were essential to the Mesoamerican worldview.
Excavations and Discoveries
Researchers have discovered tunnels beneath the pyramid, indicating multiple stages of construction. Each new stage was larger and more complex than the last, and each addition was built on top of older structures.
Archaeological excavations beneath the Pyramid of the Moon have provided insights into the history of Teotihuacan. In 2007, beneath the pyramid, was discovered an ancient tomb dating back to the 4th stage of construction.
The tomb contained a human sacrifice, numerous animal remains, and over 400 ceremonial objects. These finds shed light on the rituals performed and provide insight into the religious practices of the Teotihuacan people.
The Pyramid of the Moon Today
Today, the Pyramid of the Moon remains a major tourist attraction and an important archaeological site. Visitors can explore the pyramid and its surroundings, gaining a deeper understanding of the civilization that built it.
The Pyramid of the Moon continues to be a symbol of the mystery and grandeur of the ancient city of Teotihuacan, still capturing the attention of scholars, historians, archaeologists, and travelers from around the world.
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